Meta — Luleå, Sweden AI Data Center Campus

Meta’s Luleå data center campus in northern Sweden is one of the company’s largest and most celebrated facilities globally. Opened in 2013, it was the first Facebook/Meta data center built outside the United States and has grown into a multi-building campus spanning hundreds of acres in Norrbotten County, approximately 100 kilometers south of the Arctic Circle.

Luleå was selected for its naturally cold climate — average annual temperatures near 2°C allow free air cooling for much of the year, dramatically reducing cooling energy consumption. The region is powered by 100% renewable hydroelectric energy from the Lule River, one of Sweden’s largest hydropower rivers. This combination makes Luleå one of the most energy-efficient and lowest-carbon-intensity data center campuses in the world, with a Power Usage Effectiveness (PUE) close to 1.0.

The campus hosts some of Meta’s most advanced AI training infrastructure and is a key site for Llama model training and Meta AI workloads. Meta has invested over €1 billion in the facility across multiple expansion phases and has committed to additional expansion as AI compute demand grows. The local Luleå University of Technology has partnered with Meta on research and workforce development. The facility is a flagship example of sustainable AI infrastructure and is often cited in discussions of how data centers can decarbonize.